This blog will contain simple solved solution for general C++ problems such as data structures, algorithms etc..

C++ program which implements Breads First Search in Graph. uses adjecency matrix .

| Sunday, February 28, 2010
Hi friends,

            This is a C++ program which implements graph.
            The implementation includes..
            *) BFS
            *) finding min path between nodes....

           






//------------bfs.cpp starts here........................//

 #include
using namespace std;
struct node
{
    int info;
    node *next;
};
class Queue
{
    public:
    Queue();
    ~Queue();
    bool isEmpty();
    void add(int);
    int get();
    private:
    node *first, *last;
};
class Graph
{
    public:
    Graph(int size = 2);
    ~Graph();
    bool isConnected(int, int);
    // adds the (x, y) pair to the edge set
    void addEdge(int x, int y);
    // performs a Breadth First Search starting with node x
    void BFS(int x);
    // searches for the minimum length path
    // between the start and target vertices
    void minPath(int start, int target);
    private :
    int n;
    int **A;
};
Queue::Queue()
{
    first = new node;
    first->next = NULL;
    last = first;
}
Queue::~Queue()
{
    delete first;
}
bool Queue::isEmpty()
{
    return (first->next == NULL);
}
void Queue::add(int x)
{
    node *aux = new node;
    aux->info = x;
    aux->next = NULL;
    last->next = aux;
    last = aux;
}
int Queue::get()
{
    node *aux = first->next;
    int value = aux->info;
    first->next = aux->next;
    if (last == aux)
    {
        last = first;
    }
    delete aux;
    return value;
}
Graph::Graph(int size)
{
    int i, j;
    if (size < 2) n = 2;
    else n = size;
    A = new int*[n];
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    A[i] = new int[n];
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
    A[i][j] = 0;
}
Graph::~Graph()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    delete [] A[i];
    delete [] A;
}
bool Graph::isConnected(int x, int y) {
return (A[x-1][y-1] == 1);
}
void Graph::addEdge(int x, int y)
{
    A[x-1][y-1] = A[y-1][x-1] = 1;
}
void Graph::BFS(int x)
{
    Queue Q;
    bool *visited = new bool[n+1];
    int i;
    for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
    visited[i] = false;
    Q.add(x);
    visited[x] = true;
    cout << "Breadth First Search starting from vertex ";
    cout << x << " : " << endl;
    while (!Q.isEmpty())
    {
        int k = Q.get();
        cout << k << " ";
        for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        if (isConnected(k, i) && !visited[i])
        {
            Q.add(i);
            visited[i] = true;
        }
    }
    cout << endl;
    delete [] visited;
}
void Graph::minPath(int start, int target)
{
    Queue Q;
    int i, p, q;
    bool found;
    struct aux { int current, prev; };
    aux *X = new aux[n+1];
    int *Y = new int[n+1];
    bool *visited = new bool[n+1];
    for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
    visited[i] = false;
    Q.add(start);
    visited[start] = true;
    found = false;
    p = q = 0;
    X[0].current = start;
    X[0].prev = 0;
    while (!Q.isEmpty() && !found)
    {
        int k = Q.get();
        for (i = 1; i <= n && !found; ++i)
        if (isConnected(k, i) && !visited[i])
        {
            Q.add(i);
            ++q;
            X[q].current = i;
            X[q].prev = p;
            visited[i] = true;
            if (i == target)
            {
                found = true;
            }
        }
        ++p;
    }
    cout << "The minimum length path from " << start;
    cout << " to " << target << " is : " << endl;
    p = 0;
    while (q)
    {
        Y[p] = X[q].current;
        q = X[q].prev;
        ++p;
    }
    Y[p] = X[0].current;
    for (q = 0; q <= p/2; ++q)
    {
        int temp = Y[q];
        Y[q] = Y[p-q];
        Y[p-q] = temp;
    }
    for (q = 0; q <= p; ++q)
    cout << Y[q] << " ";
    cout << endl;
    cout << "Length = " << q-1 << endl;
    delete [] visited;
    delete [] X;
    delete [] Y;
}


void Traversal()
{
    Graph g(5);
    g.addEdge(1, 2); g.addEdge(1, 3); g.addEdge(2, 4);
    g.addEdge(3, 5); g.addEdge(4, 5);
    g.BFS(3);
}
void Maze()
{
    Graph f(15);
    f.addEdge(1, 2); f.addEdge(1, 3); f.addEdge(2, 4);
    f.addEdge(3, 14); f.addEdge(4, 5); f.addEdge(4, 6);
    f.addEdge(5, 7); f.addEdge(6, 13); f.addEdge(7, 8);
    f.addEdge(7, 9); f.addEdge(8, 11); f.addEdge(9, 10);
    f.addEdge(10, 12); f.addEdge(10, 15); f.addEdge(11, 12);
    f.addEdge(13, 14); f.addEdge(14, 15);
    f.minPath(1, 10);
}
int  main()
{
    Traversal();
    cout << endl;
    Maze();

    return 0;
}


//----------bfs.cpp ends here...................//

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